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Enteric Fever
Enteric fever is an acute, life-threatening, febrile infection caused by Salmonella typhi (typhoid fever) or S. paratyphi (paratyphoid fever). It is transmitted by food and water contaminated by the feces and urine of an acutely infected or convalescent person or a chronic asymptomatic carrier. Epidemiology An estimated 22 million cases…
Depression
Prevalence of depression Depression is a common illness. About 2% of children and 4% to 8% of adolescents are affected by major depressive disorder. Depression in childhood affects as many boys as girls, but twice as many girls during adolescence.1 The Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)—one of the few national…
Vision Screening
Why vision screening is important To achieve optimal development, children and youth need to see well. The World Health Organization reports that about 19 million children younger than 15 years of age worldwide are visually impaired. Of these children, 12 million are impaired as a result of refractive errors, a…
HIV/Aids
Background and rationale HIV is a retrovirus capable of affecting several cells of the immune system, causing dysfunction and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Most notably, the virus enters CD4+ T lymphocytes, replicating within and ultimately leading to their depletion. The CD4 cell count is therefore an indicator of the…